A Researcher's Bibliography on References to the Yawo (aka "Yao, Ajawa") People of Africa

English resources: Abdallah. Y., The Yaos; Chiikala cha WaYao, (ed), M. Sanderson, London: Frank Cass, 1973. Abdulla, Y.B., Chikala cha Wa Yao, (ed) M. Sanderson, Government Printer Zomba, Malawi, 1919. Alpers, E., "Trade, and Society among the Yao in the Nineteenth Century", Journal of African History, 10, (3) (1969), pp. 405-420. Bone, D. S., "Islam in Malawi", Journal of Religion in Africa, vol. 13, (2), (1982), pp. 126-138. Bone, D. S. "The Development of Islam in Malawi and the Response of the Christian Churches: 1940-1986.", BICMURA, vol. 5, (4), (1987), pp. 7-24. Boucher, C., "Birth Rites", Mua Mission, unpublished. Boucher, C., "Jando", Mua Mission, unpublished. Boucher, C., "Msondo", Mua Mission, unpublished. Boucher, C., "Yao Chieftainship", Mua Mission, unpublished. Chaponda, O., "The Christianised Yao Initiation Rite of Mangochi Catholic Diocese: Assessing an Experiment in Inculturation", M.A. module, Chancellor College, Zomba, 1999. Chimombo, S. Malawian Oral Literature, Zomba: Centre for Social Research, 1988. Chimombo, S. "Oral Literature Research in Malawi: A Survey and Bibliography, 1870-1986", Research in African Literature, vol. 18, (4), (Winter 1987), pp. 485-498. Dicks, I., "The Islamisation of the Yao of Malawi", M.A. Module, Chancellor College, 1998. Fiedler, K., Christianity and African Culture; Conservative German Protestant Missionaries in Tanzania, 1900-1940, Leiden/New York/Koln: E. J. Brill, 1996. Gale, W.D., Zambezi Sunrise, Howard B. Timmins, Cape Town, 1958. Greenstein, R., "The Nyasalands Policy Toward's African Muslims", From Nyasaland to Malawi, (ed), R.J. MacDonald, Nairobi: East Africa Publishing House, 1975, pp. 144-168 Hanna, A. J., The beginning of Nyasaland and North Eastern Rhodesia: 1859-95, Clarendon Press, London, 1956. Heckel, B., "The Yao Tribe; Their Culture and Education", in Institute of Education Reports, London: Oxford University Press, 1935, pp. 8-42. Hetherwick, A., "Note on Yao", in Nyassa News, Nov. 1893. Hetherwick, A., A Hand book of the Yao Language, Aberdeen: 1889. Hetherwick, A., "Some Animistic Beliefs among the Yaos of British Central Africa", Journal of Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 32, (1902), pp. 89-95. Hetherwick, A., "Islam and Christianity in Nyasaland", Muslim World, vol. 17, (2), (April 1927) pp.184-186. Hetherwick, A., The Gospel and the African; Croall Lectures, Edinburgh: T and T. Clark, 1932. Hynde, R.S. Marriage and relationships among the Yaos, Niyasa News, 7, 1895. Ibik, J. O., The Law of Marriage and Divorce; The Yao, London: Sweet and Maxwell, 1970. Johnson, W., "Mohammedism and the Yaos". Central Africa, vol. 339, (March, 1911), pp. 57-61. Johnson, W., "The Yao. A defense and a suggestion". Nyassa News, 2, 1893. King, N. Q. and Fiedler K. (eds), R.. Lamburn- From a Missionary's Notebook: The Yao of Tunduru, Fort Lauderdale: Verlag Breitenbach, 1991. Kubik, G., "Boy's Circumcision School of the Yao; Malawi South Eastern Africa", Gottingen: Ethnol, vol. 9/1-D1244, (1979), pp. 3-19. Lamba, I. C., "The Missionary and Ethnography in Malawi; a Study of Malawi and the Yao to 1920", Society of Malawi Journal, vol. 38, (1), (1985), pp. 62-79. Lamburn, R.G.P., "Some notes on Yao", in Tanganyica Notes, 29, pp. 73-84. 1950. Macdonald, D., "Yao and Nyanja Tales", Bantu Studies, 12 (4), pp. 251-285. 1938. MacDonald, D., "East African Tales", Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons, 1881. MacDonald, D., "Africana; The Heart of Heathen Africa", vol. 1, London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co, 1882. Mair, L., "A Yao Girl's Initiation", Man, 98, (May, 1951), pp. 60-63. Maples, C. "Unangu", Nyassa News, 2. 1893. Martin, B., Muslim Brotherhoods in 19th Century Africa, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Mgeni, M., "Initiation rites into adulthood are prominent in many Malawian societies; my reasons and suggestions for a better inculturation: A case study- Jando at Msembuka Village, T/A Chamba", Chancellor College, unpublished document, 1996. Mgeni, M., "Girls Initiation in a Yao setting and Christian Attitude: A case study at Msembuka village, Chikala Plateau, T.A. Chamba", Chancellor College, unpublished document, 1996. Mitchell J. C., "The Yao of Southern Malawi", Africa, vol. 19, (1949), pp. 94-100. Mitchell J. C., "The Yao of Southern Malawi", in E. Colson and M. Gluckman (eds), Seven Tribes of Central Africa, London: Oxford University Press, 1951. Mitchell, J. C., "Prelimary Notes on the Land Tenure and Agriculture among the Machinga Yao", The Nyasaland Journal, vol. 5, (2), (1952), pp. 18-30. Mitchell, J. C., The Yao Village: A Study in the Social Structure of a Malawian Tribe, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1956. Mitchell, J. C., "A Note on the African Conception of Causality", The Nyasaland Journal, vol. 5, (2), (1952), pp. 51-58. Msiska, A., "Towards a Cultural History of Malawi; The Case of Colonialism & Yao Initiation Rites in Southern Malawi 1891-1961", M.A. Thesis, University of Malawi, 1992. Nelson H., Malawi: A Country Study, Washington: US Government Print, 1975. Newitt, Malyn, A History of Mozambique, Witswatersrand University Press, 1995. Peace Corps Chiyao Trainee's Manual, Lilongwe, 1998. Phiri, K., "Yao Intrusion into Southern Malawi, Nyanja Resistance and Colonial Conquest, 1830-1900", Trans-African Journal of History, vol. 13, (1984), pp. 157-163. Price, T. "Yao Origins", The Nyasaland Journal, vol. 17, (2), 1964, pp. 11-16. Prins, A.H., The Swahili speaking peoples of Zanzibar, and East Africa Coast, International African Institute, London, 1960. Rangeley, W., "The Amacinga Yao", The Nyasaland Journal, vol. 15, (2), 1962, pp. 40-70. Available at the Society of Malawi, Blantyre (www.societyofmalawi.org) Rangeley, W., "The Ayao", The Nyasaland Journal, vol. 16, (1), 1963, pp. 7-27. Available at the Society of Malawi, Blantyre (www.societyofmalawi.org) Rau, W., Cultural Atlas of Africa, J. Murray (ed), Oxford: Phaidon Press, 1981. Ross, K. R., (ed), "Mponda Mission Diary 1889-1891", Christianity in Malawi, Gweru: Mambo press, 1996. Sanderson, G. M., A Dictionary of the Yao Language, Zomba: The Government Printer, 1954. Schoffeleers, J. M., and Roscoe, A. A., Land of Fire; Oral Literature from Malawi, Limbe: Popular Publications, 1987. Schoffeleers, J. M., Religion and the Dramatisation of Life, Blantyre: Claim, 1997. Soko, B., "Traditional Forms of Instruction: The Case of the Jando Initiation Ceremony", Catching the Wind: Oral Tradition and Education, Durban: (1989), pp. 147-161. Stannus, H. S. and Davey, J. "The Initiation Ceremony for Boys Among the Yao of Nyasaland", Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 43, (1913), pp. 119-123. Stannus, H. S., "Notes on Some Tribes of British Central Africa", Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. XL, (1910), pp. 285-355. Stannus, H. S., "The Yao of Nyasaland", Harvard African Studies, III, (1922). Stigand, C. H., "Notes on Natives of Nyassaland, N.E. Rhodesia and Portuguese Zambezia; their arts, customs and modes of subsistence", Journal of the Royal Anthropology Institute, XXXVII, 6, London, 1907. Tew, Mari, Peoples of the Lake Nyassa Region, International African Institute, Oxford, 1950. Trimingham, J. S., Islam in East Africa, Oxford: Clarendon, 1964. Webster, B., "Yao Hill to Mulanje Mountain Ivory Slaves & the South Western Expansion of the Yao ,1600-1865", Staff Research Paper, University of Malawi, History Department, 1977. Worafold, W.B., Portuguese Nyassaland, London, 1899. Young, E., Nyassa, a Journal of adventures, London, 1877. French: Balsan, Francois -- Terres Vierges au Mozambique, 1960. Italiano: Lunati, A -- "La tribu 'Yao'. Storia, etnografia, costumi", in Missioni Consolata, Torino, no. 3, 5, 7, pp. 40-41, 64-66, 88-90, ano 1948. Recursos no Portugues: Antonio, Augusto -- Estudos psicotecnicos--nivel intelectual de algumas tribos de Mocambique. Porto 1956. Brito, A. da Rocha -- "O rito da circuncisao entre os indigenas", in Boletim da Sociedade de Estudos de Mocambique, 1 (4), 23-30, 1932. Cardozo, Augusto -- Viagem de exploracao ao Niassa, Soc. Geog. Lisboa, 1886. Eca, Vicente de Almedia -- O Niassa Portugues. Lisboa, 1899. Lacerda, D. Jose de -- Exame das viagens do Dr. Livingston. Lisboa, 1867. Lobato, Sousa A. -- "Monografia etnografica original sobre o povo ajaua", in Boletim da Sociedade de Estudos de Mocambique, 19 (63), pp. 7-17, Lourenco Marques, 1940. Ornelas, Aires de -- Racas e Linguas Indigenas de Mocambique. Lisboa, Soc. Geog. Lisboa, 1901. Relatorios da Companhia do Niassa -- Ocupacao das terras do Mataca. Moc, 1913. Santos Junior -- "Alguns aspectos da IV Campanha da Missao antropologica de Mocambique", in Bulletin de la Societe Portugaise de sciences naturelles, tomo XV, no 23, Porto, 1947. Santos Junior -- Antropologia de Mocambique, Porto, 1956. Silva Rego, A. -- Alguns problemas sociologico-missionarios da African Negra. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa, 1960. Silva Rego, A. -- Curso de Missionologia. Agencia-Geral do Ultramar, Lisboa, 1956. Silva Rego, A. -- Licoes de Missionologia. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa, 1961. Sousa, Eng. Figueiredo de Gomes e -- Ensaios sobre a Colonizacao do Distrito do Niassa. Bol. Soc. Est. Moc., 1934. Peirone, Frederico Jose -- A Tribo Ajaua do Alto Niassa (Mocambique) e Alguns Aspectos da sua Problematica Neo-Islamica. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa, Portugal, 1967. N. Valdez dos Santos -- O Desconhecido Niassa, Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa, Portugal, 1964. Viana, M. Jose de -- Da tatuagem "nembo" entre os Wa-Yao. Lisboa, Bol. Ger. das Col., 1947.

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